The quick and short answer is normally, no. Most of the time, having nest boxes close to one another only promotes territorial and violent behaviour between species. However, depending on your local wildlife, this rule may not ALWAYS apply.
Species which fly or roost together such as Starlings, Blackbirds and Robins can all share a nest box or have them within close proximity of one another. As they fly in large groups, their approach to nearby Nest Boxes are different. Please remember to buy the appropriate box size for the right species you want to attract. Despite this though, we do encourage to place Nest Boxes at least 1 to 2 metres away from each other if you plan on attracting birds that commonly roost together.
If you plan on having all kinds of birds in your garden, please leave large amounts of space between them. Roughly 6 metres (20 feet) or more is adequate for birds that are different. Short distances between boxes tends to confuse them as to who's box belongs to who.